BEC初級詞彙加油站12：hold

保住是什麼意思

hold ［həʊld］

vt。拿，握；使保持某種狀態（或姿勢）；掌握（權力）；推遲，延遲；擁有，儲存；托住，支承；認為，相信；吸引；佔據，據守；容納；舉行

vi。支援住；持續；有效，適用

n。握住，抓住；控制；貨艙；中斷；暫停

【商】hold down 阻止（物價等）上漲；壓制；保住（工作等）

【搭】catch/get/take hold of 抓住，得到；hold forth 滔滔不絕地講；hold off 推遲；阻止；hold with 贊成；hold out 伸出；維持；堅持（要求）

含義分解：

verb

【不規則形式】 held， held

手；雙臂 in hand/arms

含義精學1：

［VN］ 拿著；抓住；抱住；托住to carry sth； to have sb/sth in your hand， arms， etc。

【例】She was holding a large box。 她提著一隻大箱子。

【例】I held the mouse by its tail。我抓著耗子的尾巴倒提起來。

【例】The girl held her father‘s hand tightly。女孩緊緊地拉著她父親的手。

【例】He was holding the baby in his arms。他抱著嬰兒。

【例】The winning captain held the trophy in the air。獲勝隊的隊長把獎盃高舉到空中。

【例】We were holding hands （= holding each other’s hands） 。我們手拉著手。

【例】The lovers held each other close。這對戀人緊緊相擁。

含義精學2：

［VN］ 抱住，捂住，按住（受傷的身體部位等）to put your hand on part of your body， usually because it hurts

【例】She groaned and held her head。她呻吟著，用手抱住頭。

位置 in position

含義精學3：

［usually + adv。/prep。］ 使保持（在某位置）to keep sb/sth in a particular position

【例】［VN］ Hold your head up。抬起頭來。

【例】Hold this position for a count of 10。保持這個姿勢別動，數到10。

【例】The wood is held in position by a clamp。這木頭用夾鉗固定住了。

【例】I had to hold my stomach in （= pull the muscles flat） to zip up my jeans。我得把肚皮收緊才能拉上牛仔褲的拉鍊。

【例】［VN-ADJ］ I‘ll hold the door open for you。我會把門給你開著的。

支撐 support

含義精學4：

［VN］ 支撐…的重量to support the weight of sb/sth

【例】I don’t think that branch will hold your weight。我覺得那根樹枝撐不住你的重量。

容納；包含 contain

含義精學5：

［VN］ 容納；包含to have enough space for sth/sb； to contain sth/sb

【例】This barrel holds 25 litres。這隻桶能盛25升。

【例】The plane holds about 300 passengers。這架飛機可容納大約300名乘客。

監禁 sb prisoner

含義精學6：

監禁；拘留to keep sb and not allow them to leave

【例】［VN］ Police are holding two men in connection with last Thursday‘s bank raid。警方拘留了兩名與上星期四的銀行搶劫案有關的男子。

【例】［VN-N］ He was held prisoner for two years。他被囚禁了兩年。

控制 control

含義精學7：

［VN］ 守衛；控制to defend sth against attack； to have control of sth

【例】The rebels held the radio station。叛亂者佔據了電臺。

保持 remain

含義精學8：

［V］ 頂住；堅持住；保持原位to remain strong and safe or in position

【例】They were afraid the dam wouldn’t hold。他們擔心大壩會潰堤。

含義精學9：

［V］ 保持不變to remain the same

【例】How long will the fine weather hold？好天氣會持續多久？

【例】If their luck holds， they could still win the championship。如果他們的好運持續下去，他們仍能贏得冠軍。

使持續 keep

含義精學10：

［VN］ 使（注意力或興趣）持續不減；吸引住to keep sb‘s attention or interest

【例】There wasn’t much in the museum to hold my attention。博物館中沒有很多讓我感興趣的東西。

含義精學11：

［VN］ 使保持同樣程度（或比率、速度等）to keep sth at the same level， rate， speed， etc。

【例】Hold your speed at 70。保持70邁的速度。

含義精學12：

［VN］ 儲存；存貯to keep sth so that it can be used later

records held on computer：存在計算機中的記錄

【例】Our solicitor holds our wills。律師儲存著我們的遺囑。

【例】We can hold your reservation for three days。您的預訂我們可以保留三天。

擁有 own

含義精學13：

［VN］ 擁有；持有to own or have sth

【例】Employees hold 30% of the shares。僱員持有30%的股份。

工作 job

含義精學14：

［VN］ 擔任；任職to have a particular job or position

【例】How long has he held office？他任職有多久了？

紀錄；稱號 record/title

含義精學15：

［VN］ 獲得；贏得to have sth you have gained or achieved

【例】Who holds the world record for the long jump？跳遠世界紀錄的保持者是誰？

【例】She held the title of world champion for three years。她保持了三年的世界冠軍頭銜。

意見 opinion

含義精學16：

［VN］ 懷有，持有（信念、意見）to have a belief or an opinion about sb/sth

【例】He holds strange views on education。他對教育的看法不同尋常。

【例】She is held in high regard by her students （= they have a high opinion of her） 。學生對她評價很高。

firmly-held beliefs堅定的信念

含義精學17：

（formal） 認為；相信to consider that sth is true

【例】［V that］ I still hold that the government‘s economic policies are mistaken。我仍然認為政府的經濟政策是錯誤的。

【例】［VN-ADJ］ Parents will be held responsible for their children’s behaviour。父母將要對孩子的行為負責。

【例】［VN to inf］ These vases are held to be the finest examples of Greek art。這些花瓶被視為希臘藝術的最佳典範。

【幫助說明】 This pattern is usually used in the passive。 此句型通常用於被動語態。

會議 meeting

含義精學18：

［VN］ ［usually passive］ 召開；舉行；進行to have a meeting， competition， conversation， etc。

【例】The meeting will be held in the community centre。會議將在社群活動中心舉行。

【例】It‘s impossible to hold a conversation with all this noise。噪音這麼大，根本沒法進行交談。

道路；路線 road/course

含義精學19：

［VN］ （尤指機動車高速時）平穩行駛if a vehicle holds the road ， it is in close contact with the road and easy to control， especially when driven fast

含義精學20：

［VN］ （船或飛機）保持航線if a ship or an aircraft holds a course ， it continues to move in a particular direction

音樂 in music

含義精學21：

［VN］ 延長，繼續唱（某音符）to make a note continue for a particular time

電話 on telephone

含義精學22：

（打電話時）等待，不掛斷to wait until you can speak to the person you have telephoned

【例】［V］ That extension is busy right now。 Can you hold？分機現在佔線。您能等一會嗎？

【例】［VN］ She asked me to hold the line 。她要我別結束通話電話。

停止 stop

含義精學23：

［VN］ 停下；不要做used to tell sb to stop doing sth or not to do sth

【例】Hold your fire！ （= don’t shoot） 別開槍！

【例】Hold the front page！ （= don‘t print it until a particular piece of news is available） 把頭版暫時空著！

【例】（NAmE， informal） Give me a hot dog， but hold the （= don’t give me any） mustard。給我來份熱狗，但別加芥末。

習語Most idioms containing hold are at the entries for the nouns and adjectives in the idioms， for example hold the fort is at fort 。 大多數含hold的習語，都可在該等習語中的名詞及形容詞相關詞條找到，如hold the fort在詞條fort下。

hold good

正確；適用to be true

【例】The same argument does not hold good in every case。同樣的論點並非在所有的情況下都正確。

hold it

（informal） 稍等；別動used to ask sb to wait， or not to move

【例】Hold it a second─I don‘t think everyone’s arrived yet。請稍候——我想人還沒有到齊。

there is no holding sb

阻攔不住某人a person cannot be prevented from doing sth

【例】Once she gets onto the subject of politics there‘s no holding her。她一談起政治就滔滔不絕。

短語動詞

hold sth against sb

因某人的所為而對其評價低to allow sth that sb has done to make you have a lower opinion of them

【例】I admit I made a mistake─but don’t hold it against me。我承認我做錯了——但別因此而看不起我。

hold sb/sth↔back

1

攔阻；阻擋to prevent sb/sth from moving forward or crossing sth

【例】The police were unable to hold back the crowd。警察阻攔不住人群。

2

妨礙進展to prevent the progress or development of sb/sth

【例】Do you think that mixed-ability classes hold back the better students？你認為把不同能力的學生混合在一起的班級會妨礙較高水平學生的進步嗎？

hold sth↔back

1

不向（某人）透露情況；隱瞞to not tell sb sth they want or need to know

to hold back information

隱瞞資訊

2

抑制，控制（感情等）；不露聲色to stop yourself from expressing how you really feel

【例】She just managed to hold back her anger。她勉強壓住了自己的怒火。

【例】He bravely held back his tears。他勇敢地沒讓眼淚流出來。

hold back （from doing sth）

hold sb back （from doing sth）

（使）猶豫，躊躇to hesitate or to make sb hesitate to act or speak

【例】She held back， not knowing how to break the terrible news。她躊躇著，不知如何說出這一可怕的訊息。

【例】I wanted to tell him the truth， but something held me back。我本想告訴他真實情況，但又開不了口。

hold sb↔down

1

按住某人to prevent sb from moving， using force

【例】It took three men to hold him down。三個人才把他制伏了。

2

剝奪某人的自由（或權利）to prevent sb from having their freedom or rights

【例】The people are held down by a repressive regime。人民受到了專制政權的壓迫。

hold sth↔down

1

使保持低水平to keep sth at a low level

【例】The rate of inflation must be held down。通貨膨脹率必須控制在低水平上。

2

［no passive］ 保住（工作、職位）to keep a job for some time

【例】He was unable to hold down a job after his breakdown。他精神崩潰以後就沒能保住工作。

3

［no passive］ （NAmE， informal） 限制（尤指噪音）to limit sth， especially a noise

【例】Hold it down， will you？ I‘m trying to sleep！小點聲行嗎？我要睡覺！

hold forth

喋喋不休；大發議論to speak for a long time about sth in a way that other people might find boring

hold sth↔in

剋制，忍住（真實感情）to not express how you really feel

to hold in your feelings/anger不流露感情；忍住怒火

反義詞： let sth out

hold off

1

（of rain or a storm 雨或風暴） 不開始；延遲to not start

【例】The rain held off just long enough for us to have our picnic。雨還好，等到我們用完野餐才下起來。

2

推遲to not do sth immediately

【例】We could get a new computer now or hold off until prices are lower。我們現在就可以買新計算機，不然就等到降價再說。

【例】［+ -ing］ Could you hold off making your decision for a few days？你能推遲幾天再作決定嗎？

hold sb/sth↔off

戰勝；克服to stop sb/sth defeating you

【例】She held off all the last-minute challengers and won the race in a new record time。她最後一刻甩掉了所有對手，以新的紀錄贏得了賽跑冠軍。

hold on

1

（informal） 等著；停住used to tell sb to wait or stop

同義詞： wait

【例】Hold on a minute while I get my breath back。稍等一下，讓我喘口氣。

【例】Hold on！ This isn’t the right road。等一下！這條路不對。

2

（在困境或危險中）堅持住，挺住to survive in a difficult or dangerous situation

【例】They managed to hold on until help arrived。他們勉強堅持到救援到來。

3

（informal） （電話用語）別結束通話，等一下used on the telephone to ask sb to wait until they can talk to the person they want

【例】Can you hold on？ I‘ll see if he’s here。等一下行嗎？我去看看他在不在。

hold sth↔on

固定to keep sth in position

【例】These nuts and bolts hold the wheels on。這些螺母和螺栓把輪子固定住了。

【例】The knob is only held on by sticky tape。這個旋鈕只是用膠帶粘住的。

hold on （to sth/sb）

hold onto sth/sb

［no passive］ 抓緊；不放開to keep holding sth/sb

【例】Hold on and don‘t let go until I say so。握緊，等我讓你鬆手時再鬆開。

【例】He held onto the back of the chair to stop himself from falling。他扶住椅子後背，以免摔倒。

note at hold

hold on to sth

hold onto sth

1

保住（優勢）；不送（或不賣）某物to keep sth that is an advantage for you； to not give or sell sth to sb else

【例】You should hold on to your oil shares。你應該繼續保留住你的石油股份。

【例】She took an early lead in the race and held onto it for nine laps。賽跑一開始她便衝到了前面，並九圈一直保持領先。

2

（替別人或更長時間地）儲存某物to keep sth for sb else or for longer than usual

【例】I’ll hold onto your mail for you until you get back。你回來之前我將一直替你保管郵件。

hold out

1

維持；堅持to last， especially in a difficult situation

【例】We can stay here for as long as our supplies hold out。我們可以在這裡一直待到我們的儲備品用完。

2

抵抗；倖存to resist or survive in a dangerous or difficult situation

【例】The rebels held out in the mountains for several years。反叛分子在山區頑抗了幾年。

hold out sth

提供機會；給予希望；使有可能to offer a chance， hope or possibility of sth

【例】Doctors hold out little hope of her recovering。醫生對她的痊癒不抱很大的希望。

hold sth↔out

伸出手（或胳膊）；遞出東西to put your hand or arms， or sth in your hand， towards sb， especially to give or offer sth

【例】I held out my hand to steady her。我伸出手扶住她。

【例】He held out the keys and I took them。他伸手把鑰匙遞過來，我接了。

hold out for sth

［no passive］ （為得到利益）拖延達成協議to cause a delay in reaching an agreement because you hope you will gain sth

【例】The union negotiators are holding out for a more generous pay settlement。工會談判代表拖延著，以期達成較優厚的薪酬協議。

hold out on sb

（informal） 拒絕告訴（或給予）某人to refuse to tell or give sb sth

hold sth↔over

［usually passive］

1

擱置；推遲to not deal with sth immediately； to leave sth to be dealt with later

同義詞： postpone

【例】The matter was held over until the next meeting。這件事被推遲到下次會議。

2

延長（電影、戲劇等）的上演期to show a film/movie， play， etc。 for longer than planned

【例】The movie proved so popular it was held over for another week。這部電影十分受歡迎，因此又繼續上演了一週。

hold sth over sb

以某事要挾（或威逼）某人to use knowledge that you have about sb to threaten them or make them do what you want

hold sb to sth

1

要求某人遵守諾言to make sb keep a promise

2

壓住對方；不讓對方的（得分等）超過己方to stop an opposing team scoring more points， etc。 than you

【例】The league leaders were held to a 0–0 draw。聯賽積分領先的隊被逼成了0：0的平局。

hold together

hold sth ↔ together

1

（使）保持團結to remain， or to keep sth， united

【例】A political party should hold together。一個政黨應當團結一致。

【例】It‘s the mother who usually holds the family together。使全家人凝聚在一起的通常是母親。

2

（of an argument， a theory or a story 論點、理論或故事） 合乎邏輯；連貫to be logical or consistent

【例】Their case doesn’t hold together when you look at the evidence。你看一下證據就知道他們的論點前後不一致。

compare hang together at hang v。

3

（機器、物品）完好無損if a machine or an object holds together or sth holds it together ， the different parts stay together so that it does not break

hold up

支援住；承受住；支撐得住to remain strong and working effectively

【例】She‘s holding up well under the pressure。她承受住了壓力。

hold sb/sth↔up

［often passive］

1

攙扶；支撐；舉起；抬起to support sb/sth and stop them from falling

2

延遲；阻礙to delay or block the movement or progress of sb/sth

【例】An accident is holding up traffic。一場事故造成了交通阻塞。

【例】My application was held up by the postal strike。我的申請因郵政部門罷工而耽擱了。

related noun hold-up（1）

3

舉出（例子）；提出（作為榜樣）to use or present sb/sth as an example

【例】She’s always holding up her children as models of good behaviour。她總是舉例說自己的孩子表現如何好。

【例】His ideas were held up to ridicule。他的想法被當成了笑料。

hold up sth

持槍搶劫（銀行、商店等）to steal from a bank， shop/store， etc。 using a gun

related noun hold-up（2）

hold with sth

［no passive］ （used in negative sentences or in questions 用於否定句或疑問句） 同意；贊成to agree with sth

同義詞： approve of

【例】I don‘t hold with the use of force。我不贊成使用武力。

【例】［+ -ing］ They don’t hold with letting children watch as much TV as they want。他們不贊成讓孩子隨心所欲地看太多電視。

noun

用手 with hand

1

［sing。， U］ 抓；握；拿；支撐the action of holding sb/sth； the way you are holding sb/sth

同義詞： grip

【例】His hold on her arm tightened。他把她的胳膊抓得更緊了。

【例】She tried to keep hold of the child‘s hand。她盡力拉住那孩子的手不放。

【例】Make sure you’ve got a steady hold on the camera。一定要拿穩相機。

體育運動 in sport

2

［C］ 持；握；抓；抱；（尤指摔跤、拳擊中的）擒拿法a particular way of holding sb， especially in a sport such as wrestling or in a fight

【例】The wrestler put his opponent into a head hold。那位摔跤手給對手來了個頭部擒拿。

權力；控制 power/control

3

［sing。］ ~ （on/over sb/sth）

影響；左右力；控制influence， power or control over sb/sth

【例】What she knew about his past gave her a hold over him。她知道他的過去，所以能夠控制他。

【例】He struggled to get a hold of his anger。他竭力壓制自己的怒火。

see also stranglehold

攀登 in climbing

4

［C］ 支撐點（可手攀或腳踏的地方）a place where you can put your hands or feet when climbing

see also foothold， handhold， toehold

船；飛機 on ship/plane

5

［C］ 貨艙the part of a ship or plane where the goods being carried are stored

習語

catch， get， grab， take， etc。 （a） hold of sb/sth

抓住；拿著；握著；握住to have or take sb/sth in your hands

【例】He caught hold of her wrists so she couldn‘t get away。他抓住她的手腕，使她無法掙脫。

【例】Lee got hold of the dog by its collar。李拉住了狗的項圈。

【例】Quick， grab a hold of that rope。快，抓住那條繩子。

【例】Gently， she took hold of the door handle and turned it。她輕輕地握住門把手扭動了它。

get hold of sb

和某人聯絡；找到某人to contact or find sb

【例】Where have you been？ I’ve been trying to get hold of you all day。你去哪了？我一整天都在找你。

get hold of sth

1

找到所需要的東西to find sth that you want or need

【例】I need to get hold of Tom‘s address。我需要找到湯姆的地址。

【例】It’s almost impossible to get hold of tickets for the final。幾乎不可能搞到決賽的門票。

2

學會；理解to learn or understand sth

no holds barred

不加約束；沒有限制with no rules or limits on what sb is allowed to do

on hold

1

推遲；中斷delayed until a later time or date

【例】She put her career on hold to have a baby。她中斷了事業以便生孩子。

【例】The project is on hold until more money is available。這項工程暫停，等到有更多的錢時再進行。

2

（電話接通時）等某人接電話if a person on the telephone is put on hold ， they have to wait until the person that they want to talk to is free

take （a） hold

開始完全控制；變得十分強大to begin to have complete control over sb/sth； to become very strong

【例】Panic took hold of him and he couldn‘t move。他突然驚慌得動彈不得。

【例】They got out of the house just before the flames took hold。他們就在大火吞噬房子之前逃了出來。

【例】It is best to treat the disease early before it takes a hold。最好還是病向淺中醫。

get （hold of） the wrong end of the stick

（BrE， informal） 誤解；誤會to understand sth in the wrong way